Regarding plastic deformation, the nonlinear viscoelasticity can be explored through shear creep experiments (relaxation time) and the start-up of steady shear stress-controlled uniaxial/biaxial extension. Normally, this yield strain is less than 1%. Under it, gum cuds show elastic deformation that follows power-law behavior as a critical gel in the linear regime otherwise, exhibiting nonlinear responses with increasing shear stress (plasticity). Here the critical yield strain is defined as the modulus deviating about 10% from its initial value. The linear viscoelastic (LVE) property can be probed on pre-shaped gum cuds through a small isothermal strain deformation (i.e., below yield strain) under small amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS). Based on these, it is helpful to characterize the intrinsic rheological properties of chewing gums for future improvement and optimization of commercial products’ texture and chewiness. Therefore, the distinct deformations under chewing can be affected by shear rate, shear strain, and shear stress applied through teeth. Mechanical properties Īs a sort of chewing gum consisting of long-chain polysaccharides, bubblegum can typically exhibit linear and nonlinear viscoelastic behaviors. These materials allow for longer lasting flavor, a softer texture, and a reduction in tackiness. However, most modern types of chewing gum use synthetic gum-based materials. In modern chewing gum, if natural rubber such as chicle is used, it must pass several purity and cleanliness tests. Vanilla, cherry, lemon, and orange oil have also been suggested as ingredients. Ī natural bubble gum flavoring can be produced by combining banana, pineapple, cinnamon, cloves, and wintergreen. Esters used in synthetic bubble gum flavoring may include methyl salicylate, ethyl butyrate, benzyl acetate, amyl acetate or cinnamic aldehyde. While there is a bubble gum "flavor" – which various artificial flavorings including esters are mixed to obtain – it varies from one company to another. Bubble gum (or bubblegum) is a type of chewing gum, designed to be inflated out of the mouth as a bubble.
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